psychopathology: prosopagnosia

The inability to recognize familiar people (sometimes including themselves) by their faces or to recognize other familiar objects may be congenital or may result from brain lesions.

Also: misidentification syndromes

Books and Other Media:
Follow the hypertext link to purchase items.

The Iron Lady Meryl Streep, Jim Broadbent 2011
The Snake Pit DVD Olivia de Havilland, Mark Stevens, Leo Genn, and Celeste Holm 1948