family psychotherapy: feedback loop/feedback/evolutionary feedback
"Feedback is a method of controlling a system by reinserting into it the results of its past performance" (Wiener, 1954/1967, p. 84). Feedback loops and feedback structures are essential elements in cybernetic systems. In traditional family theory, negative (deviation-counteracting) feedback was conceptualized as regulating families and other systems (homeostasis), as a precondition for the survival of the system in a constantly changing environment. This formulation was more satisfactory for explaining stability and morphostasis than in understanding change, especially discontinuous change. The concepts of positive (deviation-amplifying) feedback and evolutionary feedback, as well as morphogenesis, coherence, and coevolution, have been advanced to correct "simple" feedback theories.*
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- Wiener, N. The human use of human beings: Cybernetics and society (2nd ed.). New York, Avon, 1967. (2nd ed. originally published, 1954.)
*Extracted with permission from Simon, Fritz et al Language of Family Therapy - A Systemic Vocabulary and Source Book (Family Process Press Series) Paperback 1985 Family Process, Inc.